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Story about Prostaglandins
The story of prostaglandins can be traced back to April 25, 1763. Reverend Edward Stone, a priest, wrote a letter to George Parker, Earl of Macclesfield, the president of the Royal Society.The letter was read by Stone at the Royal Society on June 2, describing a method for treating fever and headaches using dried willow bark.Although there are legends about Hippocrates dating back to 400 BC, the greater significance of this letter lies in the fact that it not only represents the beginning of the development of aspirin under the guidance of modern science but also marks the dawn of the 'modern chemical pharmaceutical industry.'At the same time, it signifies the start of the research on the 'arachidonic acid-prostaglandin metabolic pathway', which is of particular interest to us.
Prostaglandin was discovered and named by Swedish physiologist Ulf von Euler in 1935. He shared 1970 Nobel Prize with Sir Bernard Katz and Julius Axelrod for neurotransmitter research.

It is worth mentioning that a letter from Dr. Kurt A. Oster was published in JAMA on April 8, 1983, in which he stated that the discovery of prostaglandins could be traced back even earlier to a paper published by Kurzrok R and Lieb CC in 1930.

The 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three biochemists in recognition of their research achievements in the field of prostaglandins: Swedish scientists Sune K. Bergström and Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson, and British scientist John Robert Vane.

The 1990 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to American chemist Elias James Corey in recognition of his contributions to drug synthesis methods, particularly his outstanding achievements in the synthesis of prostaglandins.

The arachidonic acid-prostaglandin metabolic pathway is an important physiological process, with several key enzymes developed as drug targets, leading to the emergence of multiple blockbuster drugs.

Representative drugs in arachidonic acid-prostaglandin pathway : COX-1 target: Aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, etc. COX-2 target: Celecoxib, nimesulide, meloxicam, etc. Prostaglandin analogs: Bimatoprost, carboprost, misoprostol, tc. TXA2 target: Aspirin, clopidogrel, ozagrel, picotamide, cilostazol, etc.

Prostaglandin analogs are involved in multiple physiological and biochemical endogenous processes,and are associated with various diseases, and have demonstrated broad clinical therapeutic value. Prostagandins are classified as high-potency drugs with complex multiple-chiral structure, production process challenges and strict regulation.